Test ID EPU Electrophoresis, Protein, 24 Hour, Urine
Useful For
Monitoring patients with monoclonal gammopathies
Urine protein electrophoresis alone is not considered an adequate screening for monoclonal gammopathies
Profile Information
Test ID | Reporting Name | Available Separately | Always Performed |
---|---|---|---|
PTU | Protein, Total, U | Yes | Yes |
PEU | Protein Electrophoresis, U | No | Yes |
Reflex Tests
Test ID | Reporting Name | Available Separately | Always Performed |
---|---|---|---|
IFXU | Immunofixation, U | No | No |
Testing Algorithm
If a discrete electrophoresis band is identified, the laboratory will evaluate the urine protein electrophoresis and, if necessary, perform immunofixation at an additional charge.
Special Instructions
Method Name
PTU: Dye Binding (Pyrogallol Red)
PEU: Agarose Gel Electrophoresis
IFXU: Immunofixation
Reporting Name
Electrophoresis, Protein, USpecimen Type
UrineCollection Container/Tube: Clean, plastic urine collection container
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic, 60-mL urine bottle
Specimen Volume: 50 mL
Collection Instructions:
1. Collect a 24-hour urine specimen.
2. No preservative.
Additional Information:
1. 24-Hour volume is required.
2. If a serum specimen on the same patient will also be submitted, order PEL / Electrophoresis, Protein, Serum under a separate order.
3. See Urine Preservatives in Special Instructions for multiple collections.
Urine Preservative Collection Options
Note: The addition of preservative or application of temperature controls must occur within 4 hours of completion of the collection.
Ambient |
Yes |
Refrigerated |
Preferred |
Frozen |
Yes |
6N HCl |
No |
50% Acetic Acid |
No |
Na2CO3 |
No |
Toluene |
Yes |
6N HNO3 |
No |
Boric Acid |
No |
Thymol |
Yes |
Specimen Minimum Volume
25 mL
Specimen Stability Information
Specimen Type | Temperature | Time |
---|---|---|
Urine | Refrigerated (preferred) | 14 days |
Frozen | 5 days | |
Ambient | 72 hours |
Clinical Information
Urine proteins can be grouped into 5 fractions by protein electrophoresis:
-Albumin
-Alpha-1
-Alpha-2
-Beta-globulin
-Gamma globulin
The urine total protein concentration, the electrophoretic pattern, and the presence of a monoclonal immunoglobulin light chain may be characteristic of monoclonal gammopathies such as multiple myeloma, primary systemic amyloidosis, and light chain deposition disease.
Reference Values
PROTEIN, TOTAL
<167 mg/24 hours
Reference values have not been established for patients <18 years of age.
Reference values have not been established for patients >83 years of age.
ELECTROPHORESIS, PROTEIN
If protein concentration is abnormal, the following fractions, if present, will be reported as a percent of the protein, total.
Albumin
Alpha-1-globulin
Alpha-2-globulin
Beta-globulin
Gamma-globulin
Reference value applies to 24-hour collection. Specimens collected for periods other than 24 hours will be reported in concentration units.
Cautions
Patients suspected of having a monoclonal gammopathy may have a normal urine protein electrophoretic pattern, and these patients should have immunofixation (MPSU / Monoclonal Protein Study, 24 Hour, Urine) performed. Monoclonal gammopathies are rarely seen in patients <30 years of age.
Hemolysis may cause a discrete band on protein electrophoresis, which will be negative on immunofixation.
Penicillin may split the albumin band.
Radiographic agents may produce an uninterpretable pattern.
Day(s) Performed
Protein, total: Monday through Sunday; Continuously
Electrophoresis, protein: Monday through Saturday; 12 p.m.
Report Available
2 daysPerforming Laboratory

Test Classification
This test has been cleared or approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and is used per manufacturer's instructions. Performance characteristics were verified by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements.CPT Code Information
84156-Protein, total
84166-Electrophoresis, protein
86335-Immunofixation (if appropriate)