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HelpTest ID GDT Gadolinium, Dermal, Tissue
Useful For
Evaluation of dermal tissue for gadolinium
Special Instructions
Method Name
Inducively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)
Reporting Name
Gadolinium, TSpecimen Type
Dermal TissueContainer/Tube:
Preferred: Mayo metal-free specimen vial (blue label) (Supply T173)
Acceptable: Paraffin block is also acceptable if not more than 1 or 2 cuts have been made to it for slides.
Specimen Volume: 2 mg
Collection Instructions:
1. 2 mg of tissue from a skin-punch biopsy is required, at least 2 mm in diameter and 2 mm in depth.
2. Any specimen vial other than a Mayo metal-free vial used should be plastic, leached with 10% nitric acid for 2 days, rinsed with redistilled water, and dried in clean air.
3. See Trace Metals Analysis Specimen Collection and Transport in Special Instructions for complete instructions.
Additional Information:
1. This test is useful for evaluation of dermal tissue. No other tissue types have been validated. The reference range applies only to dermal tissue. Fresh, refrigerated, or frozen tissue is preferred.
2. If tissue is other than dermal tissue, see MSCM / Miscellaneous Metals Testing.
3. See Cautions for paraffin block information.
4. Paraffin blocks will be returned 3 days after analysis.
Specimen Minimum Volume
0.5 cm (14-gauge needle), 1 cm (18-gauge needle), or 2 mm x 2 mm
(punch)
0.3 mg by dry weight
Specimen Stability Information
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time |
|---|---|---|
| Dermal Tissue | Refrigerated (preferred) | 14 days |
| Ambient | 14 days | |
| Frozen | 14 days |
Clinical Information
Gadolinium is a member of the lanthanide series of the periodic table of elements and is considered a nonessential element. Due to its paramagnetic properties, chelated gadolinium is commonly employed as contrast media for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computer tomography (CT) scanning.
Gadolinium is eliminated primarily by the renal filtration. In healthy subjects with normal renal function, the plasma half-life of gadolinium is approximately 90 minutes. Patients with reduced renal function exhibit increased gadolinium excretion half-life.
Patient with reduced renal function exposed to gadolinium chelates used as MRI or CT contrast media may be affected by nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF). In this syndrome, prolonged retention of gadolinium is thought to allow the gadolinium cation to dissociate from its synthetic organic chelator and deposit predominantly in the skin, although other organs may be affected as well. These patients are often severely debilitated by progressive skin thickening and tightening. Fibrosis of skeletal muscle, lungs, liver, testes, and myocardium have also been observed, often with fatal results.
Three hemodialysis treatments are required to substantially remove gadolinium from patients with impaired renal function; peritoneal dialysis is not effective.
Reference Values
<0.5 mcg/g
Cautions
This test is useful for evaluation of dermal tissue. No other tissue types have been validated. The reference range applies only to dermal tissue.
Tissue gadolinium concentration will be elevated if the specimen is collected <48 hours of administration of gadolinium-containing contrast media. This elevation is due to residual gadolinium present from contrast media infusion. Elevated gadolinium in a specimen collected <48 hours after contrast media infusion does not indicate risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis.
Day(s) Performed
Wednesday; 11 a.m.
Report Available
2 daysPerforming Laboratory
Mayo Medical Laboratories in Rochester
Test Classification
This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. This test has not been cleared or approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.CPT Code Information
83018