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HelpTest ID STLP St. Louis Encephalitis Antibody, IgG and IgM, Serum
Ordering Guidance
This assay detects only St. Louis virus. For a complete arbovirus panel, order ARBOP / Arbovirus Antibody Panel, IgG and IgM, Serum.
Specimen Required
Collection Container/Tube:
Preferred: Serum gel
Acceptable: Red top
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial
Specimen Volume: 0.5 mL
Collection Instructions: Centrifuge and aliquot serum into plastic vial.
Forms
If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send Infectious Disease Serology Test Request (T916) with the specimen.
Useful For
Aiding in the diagnosis of St. Louis encephalitis using serum specimens
Testing Algorithm
For more information see Mosquito-borne Disease Laboratory Testing.
Special Instructions
Method Name
Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA)
Reporting Name
St. Louis Enceph Ab, IgG and IgM, SSpecimen Type
SerumSpecimen Minimum Volume
0.25 mL
Specimen Stability Information
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Serum | Refrigerated (preferred) | 14 days | |
| Frozen | 14 days |
Clinical Information
The onset of St. Louis encephalitis is characterized by generalized malaise, fever, chilliness, headache, drowsiness, nausea, and sore throat or cough followed in 1 to 4 days by the meningeal and neurologic signs. The severity of illness increases with advancing age; persons over 60 years have the highest frequency of encephalitis. Symptoms of irritability, sleeplessness, depression, memory loss, and headaches can last up to 3 years. Areas of outbreaks since 1933 have involved the western United States, Texas, the Ohio-Mississippi Valley, and Florida. The vector of transmission is the mosquito. Peak incidence of St. Louis encephalitis is associated with summer and early autumn.
Reference Values
IgG: <1:10
IgM: <1:10
Reference values apply to all ages.
Cautions
All results must be correlated with clinical history and other data available to the attending physician.
Specimens collected within the first 2 weeks after onset are variably negative for IgG antibody and should not be used to exclude the diagnosis of St. Louis encephalitis (SLE). If SLE is suspected, a second specimen should be collected and tested 10 to 21 days later.
Since cross-reactivity with dengue fever does occur with SLE antigens and, therefore, cannot be differentiated further. The specific virus responsible for such a titer may be deduced by the travel history of the patient, along with available medical and epidemiological data, unless the virus can be isolated.
Usually, when an infection with an arbovirus is suspected, it is too late to isolate the virus or draw serum specimens to detect a rise of antibody titer.
Day(s) Performed
Monday through Friday (May through October)
Monday, Wednesday, Friday (November through April)
Report Available
Same day/1 to 4 daysPerforming Laboratory
Mayo Clinic Laboratories in Rochester
Test Classification
This test has been cleared, approved, or is exempt by the US Food and Drug Administration and is used per manufacturer's instructions. Performance characteristics were verified by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements.CPT Code Information
86653 x 2